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181: Drugs: Glossary and Definitions
Glossary and Definitions Distribution: Drug distribution is the process by which a drug reversibly leaves the blood stream and enters the interstitium (extracellular fluid) and/or the cells of the tissues. The delivery of a drug from the ...
182: Needle Exchange Programs
Needle Exchange Programs More than a million people in the United States inject drugs, at a cost to society (in health care, lost productivity, accidents, and crime) of more than fifty billion dollars a year. (Holland n.p.). According to the Department of Health and Human Services, there were ... n.p.) One third of all AIDS cases are due to injection drug use. For women, sixty-four percent of all AIDS cases are due to injection drug use, or sex with partners who inject drugs (Holland n.p.). Needle exchange programs found around the world as well as one- hundred and thirteen found within the United States, "have sprung up to address drug injection drug users" (Perlman A9). Needle exchange ... viruses will save the world billions of dollars per year. Needle exchange programs are an extremely cost effective way to fight AIDS. By 1994, 125,000 people had developed AIDS as a result of injecting drugs with unsterile syringes.(Knox A1) Over a third of new AIDS cases stem from injection drug use. AIDS is the leading cause of death among all Americans aged twenty-five to forty-four. As ...
183: Steroids and Their Affects On The Human Body
Steroids and Their Affects On The Human Body Drugs have been used in sports almost as long as sports themselves have been around. The ancient Incas discovered that the ashes from burned leaves of the Coca tree gave the people great stores of energy ... of cocaine and heroine, called the "speedball," and died from it. Little were the doctors aware the epidemic that would follow in the next century. Anabolic steroids, developed in the 1930's in Europe, are drugs that help to build new body tissue quickly, but with drastic side effects. Anabolic means the ability to promote body growth and repair body tissue. It comes from the Greek word anabolikos meaning "constructive." Steroids ... voice grew deeper, and she even had the beginnings of a mustache. These are all the usual symptoms of anabolic steroids. Steroids were not always used for sports, they started out the same way most drugs did, medicinal purposes. Victims of starvation and severe injury profited from it's ability to build new tissue quickly. They also helped prevent muscle tissue from withering in patients who had just had surgery. ...
184: Angina Pectoris
... or photographed. What makes VCG superior to ECG is that VCG provides a three- dimensional view of a single heart beat. DRUG TREATMENT Angina patients are usually prescribed at least one drug. Some of the drugs prescribed improve blood flow, while others reduce the strain on the heart. Commonly prescribed drugs are nitrates, beta-blockers, and Calcium antagonists. It should be noted that drugs for angina only relief the pain, it does nothing to correct the underlying disorder. Nitrates Nitroglycerine, which is the basis of dynamite, relaxes the smooth fibres of the blood vessels, allowing the arteries to ...
185: Drug Testing
... a medical situation with no observation was also found not to cause intrusions. Drug tests check for illegal substances. With this exactness drug testing is the most efficient way to find which employees are using drugs. While some could argue that a certain employee's performance on drugs would be below the level of another employee's performance that is not on drugs but is just a poor performer. This leads into the most important point of the entire essay that employees have the right to a workplace that is free from the many problems of drugs. ...
186: The Dawn of a New Age: PCP
... receptor. Hence, a stronger PCP receptor bond leads to a better NMDA channel blockade, and a stronger drug response. On the other hand, there is no PCP-like result when the test animals are given drugs which selectively bind to sigma and/or dopamine reuptake sites (Svennson, 1995). Second, "psychotomimetic effects similar to those induced by PCP can be induced by ketamine, a related arylcyclohexamine derivative" (Sevvenson, 1995). This is a ... previously unknown as to which receptor was more important in stimulating dopamine release, the PCP receptor or the sigma receptor (Halberstad, 1995). To find out, scientists gave test animals one of five PCP-receptor specific drugs; MK-801, PCP, (+)SKF, or ketamine (Restak, 1994). The degree of A10 excitation was then measured. With MK-801 being the most powerful PCP ligand, a 40% increase in A10 neuronal firing rate is detected ... DTG having no measurable effect (Halberstad, 1995). Moreover, A10 activation by PCP is not attenuated by haloperidol; which has the highest known sigma receptor affinity (Halberstad, 1995). In other words, "The potency of PCP-like drugs to alter A10 activity was found to correlate positively with their affinity for the PCP receptor and consequently with their potency as NMDA agonists". (Halberstad, 1995) The obvious conclusion to draw from the above ...
187: Premature Infancy
... have been quite successful in prolonging the pregnancy until the thirty-sixth week(Griesemer 15). Although successful in many cases, doctors are still very skeptical on whether or not women should take any form of drugs while they are pregnant. In the past, there was a belief that the placenta protects the unborn baby from all drugs, bur just recently studies have shown that many drugs can be passed from the mother to the child. Another reason which drugs are not regularly administered to upcoming mothers is that it is very difficult to determine how drugs will actually act on ...
188: Tuberculosis
... high risk of developing active disease. Isoniazid (INH) may be prescribed for six to nine months as preventive treatment and for twelve months in persons who are HIV positive. Since the advent of anti-tuberculosis drugs in the 1940s, the treatment of drug susceptible tuberculosis has become highly effective if administered and taken properly. Treatment no longer requires prolonged hospital stays. In many cases, a patient with a new case of ... a few weeks to several months depending on the severity of the disease and the effectiveness of the treatment program. In most cases, a treatment program for drug-susceptible TB involves taking two or four drugs for a period of time ranging from six to nine months. Medications may include isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol or streptomycin. It is necessary to take multiple drugs and to take all of the doses prescribed, because all of the TB germs cannot be destroyed by one drug. It is important to realize that hospitalization for a TB patient, when necessary, represents ...
189: For Information on the Medical Uses of Marijuana
... rest because the scientific literature overwhelmingly confirms that cannabis is both an effective and safe medicine. The Cannabis Safety Profile The journal PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEWS [2] reports that decades of research prove that, "Compared with legal drugs...marijuana does not pose greater risks." Yet based upon mortality statistics, we can safely conclude that cannabis is one of the safest medical drugs known, for, while prescription drugs, defined as safe by the FDA, kill up to 27,000 and aspirin up to 1,000 Americans per year, cannabis kills 0 per year [3]. When we know the facts we can understand ...
190: Written Speech On Teen Suicide
... The list of culprits is long: too much divorce, too little religion, too much television, and too little communication between parents and children have been blamed. Absent parents, too much sexual freedom, widespread use of drugs and alcohol, too many guns, not enough love, and a world that seems hostile has also been blamed for pushing young people to their deaths. All these reasons have probably contributed to the suicides of ... Lonely people are among the highest risks for suicide. Loneliness is a feeling of not being accepted by others, whether by one's classmates, one's parents, or other adults. Some teenagers isolate themselves with drugs or alcohol. Some have a disability or are made to feel different for religious or racial relations. Some just never perform close friendships. Third, Difficulty expressing emotions. People who can let off steam easily when ... Moody teens rarely smile and never laugh. Life no longer seems worth living, and their faces show it. Increased drug or alcohol use. A person who is about to commit suicide may start to use drugs and alcohol more regularly thinking " What does it matter if I get drunk every night? Soon I won't be here at all." Increased use of drugs and alcohol can be a major warning ...


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